Ice Essays - Angry Kid, Teen Dramas, Canadian Films,

Ice Book Response Proof Sheet Title: Ice Genre: adventure Plot: Chrissy always thought of her father as the greatest superhero on Earth. Unfortunately she hadn't seen him for the last three years and since her mother refused to discuss anything about his disappearance Chrissy pretty much refused any contact with her mother. Not knowing what to do, Chrissy's mother sends her out to the country to live with her grandmother, father's mother, hoping that she'll open up and start living normally. At first Chrissy hated the idea of having to go live away from New York where she'd grown up, but later on she took it as an opportunity to further explore her father's mysterious disappearance. However, after living at grandma's for a few days she realized that grandma wasn't gonna be of any more help than her mom was. Therefore Chrissy decided to slowly explore the house and search for any clues to her destination. While living out in the country slowly she started to like the surroundings and even managed to meet a few friends, including a neighborhood guy she developed feelings for. She found letters and pictures that lead her to believe that her father was still alive but she never had any proof. Finally one day after almost losing her granddaughter, Chrissy's grandma decided to spill the truth. In deed Chrissy's dad was still alive, however he was in prison. Characters: Chrissy plays a role of a very quiet shy thirteen-year-old girl. Most of her insecurity came because she believed that her father leaving her was her fault. Ever since her dad left she's been trying out new things that scared her, but she just though that maybe her dad would like her better if she was more risk-taking. She tries to understand her grandmother as much and she can and help her out with all the work in the country. Even though her father had recommended to Chrissy's grandma never to take her to visit him at prison, Chrissy was able to convince grandma otherwise because she just needed to tell her dad all that she had though and concluded over the years he was gone. Mostly she wanted to let him know that no matter how much it hurts her that he just disappeared all of a sudden and never wrote to her, she still loves him. Chrissy's grandma is a typical old-fashioned caring woman. She guides Chrissy through steps to becoming a responsible young girl who will make her life out to be better than her father's. She creates rules for Chrissy to follow in the house and doesn't ease up after a few complaints from her granddaughter. She always tried to do what she thought would hurt Chrissy the least but, in my opinion, she wasn't right to keep the secret about Chrissy's dad for that long from Chrissy. Even though grandma was in her retiring years, she helped out others and tried to get as much work done as she could handle. She went to church and donated as much as possible to he charity fund. Her awesome personality helped Chrissy open up and get back to normal life. Passage: ? Her first thought was ?NO?, but then she remembered the look in dad's eyes when she had mentioned to him how afraid she was of roller coasters. Compelling herself, Chrissy clutched her fists around the sled, closed her eyes tightly, and finally pushed her-self off the hill. Gliding thorough the air, even though scared to death, all that managed to go through her mind was, ? I wish daddy was here. I wish he could see me now, see that I'm not just a scared little girl, but that I can be brave if he wants me to.? This passage was one of the most touching in the whole book to me because it explains how much Chrissy misses her dad and at the same time blames herself for his disappearance. I can't relate to her thoughts but I can remember that when I was younger my mission in life was to make mommy and daddy proud of me. I can't imagine how hard it is for kids to grow up without both parents. This passage just helped me understand

Post Secondary Education Essays

Post Secondary Education Essays Post Secondary Education Essay Post Secondary Education Essay Post Secondary Education  online programs have been gaining steam in the recent years with the inter-webs making advanced education within reach for students all around the world. Online education is especially handy for working students were people who have responsibilities and families who cannot physically attend school on a campus in a full-time capacity. Post secondary education in a distance learning capacity really gives the student tremendous freedom to do their school work in a time frame that meets the student’s schedule. Another wonderful benefit to distance learning in any capacity is that it allows students to study at their own pace. Rather than being committed to a full-time schedule, even a consistent daily schedule. Many students have busy lives or split schedules this gives them the flexibility to study when they can and where they can. Since youre not committed to a specific location you can study on your lunch break, from a coffee shop via your laptop or study from a home office but at the end of the day this really gives the student tremendous flexibility to learn at their own pace. Advantages of a  Post Secondary Education 1)  Not only are these programs flexible in nature but they offer unlimited areas of study so you can advance your career while meeting your personal goals. Subjects that are available to online learners range anywhere from public service, government, electronics, early childhood education, computer programming, e-commerce, web design, culinary arts you name it todays modern universities have a program that fits your area of interest as well as your schedule and your lifestyle. Some may still feel online education is somehow less legitimate than a traditional on-campus degree however nothing could be farther from the truth. 2)  Online  post secondary education  programs exist in almost all top universities and colleges, they use cutting-edge technology and faculty every bit as good as they offer in the physical classroom. They have very interactive learning environments with top professors as well as an interactive classroom environment where you can interact with other students in your class or have private one-on-one sessions with your teacher throughout your online education so you will not find yourself lacking in any of these areas as the support is there to meet any challenges you may have in the online classroom. 3)  Distance learning post secondary education universities and colleges also offer excellent career services and professional guidance to alumni do not only assist in job placement programs but act as a mentor and guide its graduates in a positive direction to improve their quality of life and employment opportunities. Most of these universities that offer  post secondary education  programs online dont simply just drop you like a bad habit the day of your graduation they continue to be an integral part of your career path and your education. 4)  Thousands of students from all over the world have been taking advantage of these comprehensive distance learning programs and many thousands more have profited and graduated from these comprehensive programs. This is a recognized and well respected education in todays modern world and counts every bit as much as an education with a physical classroom presence. You dont need a traditional campus setting nor do you need the additional fees that pile up and can be quite cumbersome when youre physically at a college or university. There are universities offering post secondary education programs that have  various start times that dont coincide with the traditional college programs so you also have the flexibility of starting when its convenient for you. Not only is  distance learning  a tremendous convenience but it offers affordability and flexibility that was never before possible. Now you have more motivation and fewer excuses than ever to actually get going on your education. I know we live in a fast-paced and busy world but lets face it you can start school now and in five years or as quick as one year have an advanced degree that will garner a larger salary and a higher quality of life for you and your family. Or you can continue doing what youre doing and put this vital education off for another five years and youll be in the same place you are today. The time is going to go by regardless of whether or not you choose to take the next step so take a deep breath and do the right thing for you and your family. If its a PhD an MBA, with or without GMAT you can get it done online.  If money is tight many of these colleges and universities offer financial aid and financial assistance programs that have flexible terms and easy repayment plans many of them do not require a single payment until you have completed their program which gives you the opportunity to get that job you deserve along with the salary and then begin paying back your student loans while you enjoy a lifetime of higher education and salary. Resource  Ã‚  education.nh.gov/highered/

American imperialism the subversion of latin american sovereignty Research Paper

American imperialism the subversion of latin american sovereignty (OPEN VEINS OF LATIN AMERICA BY EDUARDO GALEANO) - Research Paper Example Imperialist regime is where the central state authority is weak together with the open state territoriality while the global regime is where the central state authority is strong together with the open state territoriality. American imperialism tools include- political power, economic power, military power and cultural diffusion. Example of the economic power via Galeano is where he credits Machado’s dictatorship in 1924 to the economic domination that the USA had over Cuba. In 1920 prices of sugar in Cuba had dropped from 22cents per pound to as low as 4cents. Sugar producers were bankrupt with sugar prices fluctuating based on the prices in the America market. America gave Cuba $50 million with the first American ambassador- General Crowder. America also gave Cuba fair trade concessions on a condition that in turn America gets to export their products into the country. The United States gains in trading with Cuba, yet still trades with other states. Nevertheless, Cuba is economically forced to trade mostly with the United States. In short, America imperialism is the compulsion exerted by USA via economic, cultural, military or political power that conquers other countries’ sovereignty into acting in manners they would have not acted otherwise. It is a situation where a country forgoes its own interests at the expense of serving the American interests. The cruise of this paper is to talk about the American imperialism more particularly touching on the tool of political power in Bolivia enhanced by international institutions such as the World Bank and the IMF. The international power of the USA in the 20th century has grounds on its political strength. In 1900, when the united states of American did not have much of an army, it was promising got viewed as power forthcoming great power. By 1920, the United States had displaced the United Kingdom during the First World War making them, the supreme financial power

Terror is Foreign Western Media's portrayal of Islam Essay

Terror is Foreign Western Media's portrayal of Islam - Essay Example A major complain from the Muslims all over the world is Western media’s falsification, over-generalization, distortion and sensationalization of stories that touch on Islam (Asadulla 195). The main problem is brought about by ignorance or carelessness, prejudice, or because the Western media does not have the ability to separate myth from reality, or probably because they do not understand the social, religious and political dynamics of the Muslim societies (Hafez 19). In his speech in Cairo University in 2009, President Obama spoke favorably of Islam saying that Islam has always been a part of America’s history. He even added that Arab-Americans had fought in American wars, served in the government, stood for civil rights, started businesses, taught at American universities, had excelled in their sports arenas, won Nobel prizes, built their tallest buildings and lit the Olympic torch (FAIR 1). This undeniable facts articulated by the U.S President should be what the We stern media focus on, but unfortunately their portrayal of a whole lot of 1.5 billion Muslims is nothing but sickening. This paper intends to shed light on the gross misrepresentations of Arabs and Muslims in the Western media by exposing these biased stereotypical misrepresentations. It will be found that the Western media propagate an inaccurate and unfair image of the collective Arabs and Muslims due to their lack of ethical principles of truth, fairness, objectivity and balance. In addition, this paper will explain why this phenomenon continues and see just in passing what can be its solutions. To begin with, negative stereotyping is the putting of unpleasant labels and characteristics on a group of people based on unfounded allegations while forgetting to account for their individual differences. This is where the Western media is particularly in error. There is a strong inclination in Western mass media to categorize Islam as a fanatic, and violent religion characterized by th e chopping off limbs, violation of the rights of women, and representing a strong opposition towards cherished Western ideas and values of freedom, human rights and democracy (Poole 17). Poole observes that there is equation of Islam with politics and association of Islamic politics with extremism and this extremism with terrorism. This linkage results in the interpretation of political violence without taking into consideration its social and political context (23). Following the September 11 attacks, Arabs and Muslims were repeatedly misrepresented in the Western media on an unprecedented scale. It is important to note that the attacks were not the genesis of this phenomenon. As Jack Shaheen has prolifically researched and written, it dates back to the first years of the twentieth century and has progressed with growing intensity (174). Shaheen provides vivid examples of television programs dating back to the 1970s that casts Arabs and Muslims generally in bad light. He lists Holl ywood movies and productions such as Dennis the Menace and Charlie’s Angels among others that completely vilify Arabs and Muslims as terrorists. In his seminal work on the image of Arabs and Muslims on Hollywood productions, Shaheen took the task of analyzing approximately 1000 movies with Arab characters which results he published. The conclusions were baffling. Only a dozen displayed positive portrayals, a handful displayed balanced portrayal while the rest presented negative portrayals. In essence, Arab in television stands for hijacking, terrorism, bombings or war. Such

Homework Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Homework - Speech or Presentation Example He clocks the speeds of 20 randomly selected cars and 20 randomly selected trucks two miles after a major safety sign. Which statistical test should be used to determine whether drivers of cars and drivers of trucks are differentially affected by safety signs? C. A researcher wants to test whether there is a relationship between political party affiliation and education. She randomly selects 500 people and, for each, notes political party affiliation (Republican, Democrat, Neither) and highest degree earned (high school, college, graduate). Which statistical test should be used to determine whether there is a relationship between political party affiliation and education? D. In a study of group productivity, subjects worked in groups of various sizes to develop new computer software. Subjects were randomly assigned to work in groups of two, ten, or fifteen. Which statistical test should be used to determine whether group size has an effect on productivity? A psychologist at a private mental hospital was asked to determine whether there was any clear difference in the length of stay of patients with different categories of diagnosis. Looking at 4 patients in each of the three major categories, the results (in terms of weeks of stay) were as follows: Therefore, the mean between drug related conditions and cognitive behavior are similar. However, the mean between behavior and drug related and, the mean between behavior and cognitive are also different. In a study on the effect of the invasion of personal space, experimenters approached pedestrians walking alone and asked them for directions. When the pedestrian started giving directions, the experimenter took a step toward him/her. An observer then noted whether the pedestrian responded to this invasion of personal space by staying where he/she was, by taking a step forward, or by taking a step back. The table below shows

Analysis of Sickle Cell Disease

Analysis of Sickle Cell Disease Safiullah Barat Melissa Parker Canada is becoming more multicultural as individuals from developing countries are making Canada their home. As the rate of immigrants in Canada is rising, diseases that were uncommon are becoming more prevalent. For instance, disorders such as sickle cell disease are increasing in all regions in Canada (Neglected Conditions, 2014). Sickle cell disease is genetic disorder that causes undesired effects which decreases an individual’s quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease, and to research evidence based practice such as management and prevention measures. To begin, a brief explanation of the search strategy used will be discussed, followed by details on the epidemiology of sickle cell disease. Furthermore, aspects of the disorder will be discussed in the following order: risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, complications, evidence based treatment, and different levels of preventive measures. Accord ing to RNAO, â€Å"knowledge provides the basis for professional practice and, is a central aspect of professionalism† (Professionalism in nursing, pg. 28). It is evident that nurses need to critically analyze disorders, such as sickle cell disease, in order to apply and provide competent care. Search Strategy To help retrieve the most up to date, recent and peer reviewed articles, different search strategies have been used. Nursing databases such as ProQuest, CINHAL and MEDLINE were used to find the appropriate journal articles. After doing so, search limiters were used to narrow down the search. Peer reviewed, full text and published dates set from 2009 to 2014 were selected, as well as the availability of references was included. Boolean operators, â€Å"and† and â€Å"or†, were commonly used ; furthermore, search term â€Å"sickle cell disease† and Boolean phrases including â€Å"complications†, â€Å"treatment†, â€Å"diagnostic test†, â€Å"pediatrics†, â€Å"prevention†, â€Å"etiology†, and â€Å"Canada† were combined to narrow the search. Epidemiology Sickle cell disease is prevalent in areas where malaria is common. This includes area such as the Caribbean, Nigeria, Middle East, Mediterranean, Indian sub-continent, Greek, Turkey, India, Pakistan, Ghana, and Far East China (Brown, M. 2012). A study conducted by Lanzkron et al (2013) took a look at mortality rates with individuals who had sickle cell disease over a time frame of thirty years. Over the course of thirty years, 16, 654 sickle cell-related deaths had occurred with a mortality rate of 0.7% each year (Lanzkron et al, 2013). In Canada, one in every 2500 babies will be born with sickle cell disease, and have a one in four chance (25%) of having sickle cell disease. Furthermore, they have a one in two chance (50%) of being a carrier for sickle cell disease (Sickle Cell Disease Association of Canada, 2013). Etiology/Risk Factors Sickle cell disease is an inherited autosomal recessive condition that causes an abnormal formation of hemoglobin. Different types of sickle cell disease includes sickle cell anemia (HbSS), sickle hemoglobin-c disease (HbSC), and sickle cell thalassemia (HbS) ( Brown, M. 2012).However, the most common is sickle cell anemia (Lewis, 2014). This inheritance occurs when both the mother and father pass on the defective gene to their child (Brown, M. 2012). Therefore, being a carrier of the sickle cell trail is a major risk factor. Individuals have an increased risk of developing sickle cell disease if residing in areas where malaria is endemic. Sickle cell disease puts individuals at risk whose ancestors came from West Africa, southern Italy, northern Greece, South and Central America, Middle East, Central India, southeast coast of Turkey and Mediterranean in Sicily (Pack-Mabian, A Haynes, J.r. 2009). Clinical Manifestations Although, each individual will display different signs and symptoms of sickle cell disease, they all display one similar characteristic: when exposed to factors that decrease oxygen, the hemoglobin forms into a sickle-shaped red blood cell which blocks the flow of blood. As a result, clinical manifestations often show anemia, jaundice and severe pain (Addis, G. 2010). Often, patients are asymptomatic except when experiencing a sickling episode (Lewis, 2014). An individual with sickle cell disease may develop anemia due to the complete destruction of red blood cells or hemolysis (Addis, G. 2010). Normally, red blood cells live for 120 days in our body but sickle cells usually die within ten to twenty days (Addis, G. 2010). As a result, the body’s organs are not receiving enough oxygen. The body compensates as it increase heart rate, increase blood pressure to allow the oxygenated hemoglobin to reach the necessary organs. Furthermore, individuals will display signs and symptoms of SNS or fight or flight response. Increase pupil dilation, diaphoresis and tachypnea are evident in patients with sickle cell crisis (Tortora Derrickson, 2012). In addition, the constant breakdown of hemoglobin produces bilirubin, a byproduct of hemoglobin, which cannot be processed by the liver. As a result, the bilirubin gets stored in the blood and connective tissue which results in yellowing of the eyes and the skin (Addis, G. 2010). However, the most common manifestation individuals with sickle cell disease experience are pain as a result of vaso-occlusive crises, also known as sickle cell crisis. Pain related to sickle cell disease accounts for ninety percent of hospital admissions (Musumadi, L. et al. 2012). This is mainly due to episodes of sickling that prevents oxygenated blood reaching organs, which results in ischemia and gradual deterioration of tissue and organ function (Musumadi, L. et al., 2012). Diagnostic Tests Diagnostic tests to diagnose sickle cell disease involve blood work. Often, individuals who have sickle cell disease are best diagnosed with the use of a peripheral blood smear test which reveals sickle cells (Lewis, 2014). In addition, sickle hemoglobin tests involve taking red blood cells, and expose them to factors that deoxygenate the blood, and determines if there is hemolysis (Lewis, 2014). Furthermore, a test known as the hemoglobin electrophoresis helps to differentiate sickle cell trait between sickle cell disease. It works by identifying various types of hemoglobin within a blood specimen to confirm the diagnosis of sickle cell disease (Randolph Wheelhouse, 2012). Additionally, secondary diagnostic tests could be used to diagnose complications that arise with sickle cell disease. Individuals may require a chest x-ray, skeletal x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a Doppler ultrasound (Lewis, 2014). Skeletal x-rays are used to determine bone and joint deformities whereas chest x-rays are used to diagnose chest infection (pneumonia). MRIs are used to aid in the diagnosis of a stroke caused by blocked blood vessels from sickled cells Likewise, a Doppler ultrasound may be used to diagnose deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (Lewis, 2014). Course of the disease and complications Sickle cell disease causes a wide range of complications that begin at infancy and worsen with age when not controlled. Complications develop when sickling episodes causes vaso-occlusion which leads infarction of body tissues and organs (Lewis et al., 2010), and with increasing age, causes end-organ complications (Miller Meier, 2012). At age 2, children begin to experience dactylitis, pain in small bones of hands and feet (Miller Meier, 2012). Vaso-occlusive pain involving the back, chest, abdomen, or extremities continues to occur throughout the lifespan of an individual with sickle-cell disease (Pack-Mabien, 2009). Furthermore, both pediatrics and adults encounter the difficulty of anemia as it leads to other complications such as bone marrow suppression, renal insufficiency, and splenic or hepatic sequestration (Pack-Mabien, 2009). The infarction of the spleen can begin in infancy and causes another major complication: infection. The dysfunction of the spleen and its inability t o phagocytize foreign objects can cause major infection in both children and adults â€Å"and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease† (Miller Meier, 2012). Additionally, sickling episodes can affect the pulmonary system in all affected age groups and causes acute chest syndrome, a disorder that includes pulmonary complications such as pneumonia, fat embolism, systemic infection, pulmonary infarction, and if not treated, can lead to respiratory failure (Miller Andrew, 2012). Unfortunately, children and adults are also at risk for stroke due to cerebral infarction (Miller Meier, 2012). Other complications include gallstones, kidney failure, priapism or involuntary erection, delayed sexual development, delayed growth, bone necrosis, and leg ulcers (Brown, M. 2012). Treatments The treatment of sickle cell disease involves the reduction of symptoms and complications. Treatment includes pain management involving opioid or non-opioid analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and NSAIDS (Addis, 2010). Also, cognitive behavioural therapy and non-pharmacological approaches can benefit patients with chronic or acute pain (Addis, 2010). Another treatment includes RBC transfusion and is required â€Å"as an emergency measure or to prevent short or long-term complications.† (Addis, 2010). Furthermore, a medication called hydroxyurea is a major advancement in the management of sickle cell disease and is available in Canada (Canadian Association of Sickle cell†¦). Hydroxyurea increases the level of fetal hemoglobin that results in an overall decrease in circulating sickle cells (Smith et al., 2011). A clinical study conducted by Smith et al (2011), has proven a decrease in pain intensity in patients undergoing hydroxyurea therapy, as well as a decrease in analg esic use and a significantly lower reduction in crisis and mortality. Moreover, multiple studies have shown bone marrow transplant as a potential cure of sickle cell disease; however, further studies are needed for this treatment to be recommended as a standard treatment for sickle cell disease (Thompson, 2012). Preventive Measures Primary Preventive Measures Although genetic risk factors are non-modifiable, there is a preventive measure for sickle cell disease: genetic counselling. Genetic counselling should be encouraged in patients with the sickle cell trait especially when planning to have a child. This preventive measure helps patients understand and adapt to the implications of genetic contributions to the disease and offers â€Å"counselling to promote informed choices and adaptation to the risk or condition† (Lewis, 2014. p. 787). A 6-year study in Saudi Arabia, a country of high prevalence of sickle cell disease, showed a significant decrease in the genetic disease through the use a genetic counselling program as it decreased the number of at-risk marriages (Memish, 2011). Secondary Preventive Measures Prevention measures in the secondary level focuses on diagnostic tests and screening for sickle cell disease. Newborn screening is the earliest way to detect whether the child has sickle cell disease in time to prevent serious complications from occurring (Newborn Screening Ontario, 2013). According to the Newborn Screening Ontario (2013), newborn screening can prevent â€Å"infection and sepsis, growth delay, painful sickle crisis, tissue ischemia and organ damage.† Secondary preventive measures also involve previously stated diagnostic testing for complications such MRI for stroke, the use of x-rays for chest infections, etc. Also, pain is a major complication in both adults and pediatrics and should be diagnosed; however, it is challenging to detect pain in unresponsive clients such as neonates. Registered Nurses Association of Ontario recommends the use of a validated pain assessment tool for neonates called Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) due its evidence of reliability and validity. This tool includes components such as facial express, cry, breathing patterns, arms, legs, and state of arousal component (Assessment and Management of Pain, 2013). Tertiary Preventive Measures Tertiary preventive measures involve treatments that aid in regaining patient’s functional ability and the elimination of the disease. For individuals with sickle cell disease, preventive measures at this level include medical interventions to prevent and control symptoms and complications. For example, interventions are pain management, hydroxyurea, and transfusion therapies as mentioned earlier. Furthermore, penicillin can be given to children starting at 2 months of age, and vaccinations against pneumococcal infections, flu, meningitis, and hepatitis are important to prevent infections and early death (Addis, 2010). Conclusion In conclusion, sickle cell disease is one that affects the quality of life of affected individuals. The analysis focused on different aspects of sickle cell disease such as the epidemiology in which prevalence is high in areas where Malaria is predominant. Also, due to increasing immigration, the incidence of the disease is increasing in Canada. Furthermore, known risk factors have been identified such as genetic and environmental factors. In addition, the main clinical symptoms with sickle cell disease include pain as well as symptoms of anemia. Furthermore, a variety of tests which include blood work are the determinants of the presence of sickle cell disease. Sickle cell disease potentiates of a variety of complications, most commonly vaso-occlusive pain, acute chest syndrome, anemia and other major organ complications. Unfortunately, treatment only aids in controlling the complications and does not provide a cure for the disease. It is evident that the need for further research i n stem cell transplant as a potential cure is highly needed. Lastly, genetic counseling, neonatal screening, diagnostic tests, and current evidence based treatment such as pain management, hydroxyuria and transfusion therapy, are all preventive measures of symptoms and complications of the disease. The findings in this analysis are significant for nurses to apply when having encountered a patient with sickle cell disease. Certainly, it is important for nurses to acknowledge the increasing diversity in Canada and to continue competency by constantly seeking new pertinent information to apply to everyday practice. References Addis, G. (2010). Sickle cell disease, part 1: understanding the condition. British Journal Of School Nursing, 5(5), 231-234. Brown, M. (2012). Managing the acutely ill adult with sickle cell disease.British Journal Of Nursing,21(2), 90-96. Lanzkron, S., Carroll, C., Haywood Jr., C. (2013). Mortality Rates and Age at Death from Sickle Cell Disease: U.S., 1979-2005. Public Health Reports, 128(2), 110-116. Lewis, S. M. (2010). Medical-surgical nursing in Canada: assessment and management of clinical problems (2nd Canadian ed.). Toronto: Mosby Elsevier Canada. Memish, Z., Saeedi, M. (2011). Six-year outcome of the national premarital screening and genetic counseling program for sickle cell disease and [beta]-thalassemia in Saudi Arabia. Annals Of Saudi Medicine, 31(3), 229-235. doi:10.4103/0256-4947.81527 Miller, Andrew C., and Mark T. Gladwin. (2012) Pulmonary Complications of Sickle Cell Disease.American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine185.11 (2012): 1154-65.. Miller, J. L., Meier, E. (2012). Sickle Cell Disease in Children. Drugs, 72(7), 895-906. doi:10.2165/11632890-000000000-00000 Musumadi, L., Westerdale, N., Appleby, H. (2012). An overview of the effects of sickle cell disease in adolescents. Nursing Standard, 26(26), 35-40 Neglected conditions. (2014). Canadian Medical Association.Journal, 186(6), 452-453. Newborn Screening Ontario. (2013). Newborn screening manual: a guide for newborn care providers. Retrieved from http://www.newbornscreening.on.ca/data/1/rec_docs/795_CHO0093-NSM-Web.pdf Pack-Mabien, A., Haynes, J. r. (2009). A primary care providers guide to preventive and acute care management of adults and children with sickle cell disease. Journal Of The American Academy Of Nurse Practitioners, 21(5), 250-257. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2009.00401.x Randolph, T. R., Wheelhouse, J. (2012). Novel test method (sickle confirm) to differentiate sickle cell anemia from sickle cell trait for potential use in developing countries. Clinical Laboratory Science, 25(1), 26-34. Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario. (2013). Nursing Best Practice Guidelines: Assessment and Management of Pain. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/ Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario. (2007). Nursing Best Practice Guidelines: Professionalism in Nursing. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca Sickle Cell Disease Association (2013). Reterieved from http://www.sicklecelldisease.ca/ Smith, W. R., Ballas, S. K., McCarthy, W. F., Bauserman, R. L., Swerdlow, P. S., Steinberg, M. H., Waclawiw, M. A. (2011). The Association Between Hydroxyurea Treatment and Pain Intensity, Analgesic Use, and Utilization in Ambulatory Sickle Cell Anemia Patients. Pain Medicine, 12(5), 697-705. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4637.2011.01096.x Tortora, G. J., Derrickson, B. (2012). ANS Neurotransmitters and Receptors. Anatomy Physiology: Princples of Anatomy. Danvers, MA: JOHN WILEY.

The Effects of Acid Rain on Statues :: Acid Rain Chemical Reactions Essays

The Effects of Acid Rain on Statues Introduction ------------ During this investigation, I will use dilute hydrochloric acid as the acid rain and crushed calcium carbonate as the chemical of the statues. Then I will time how long it takes for the limestone powder to react until there is no more left when the acid is added to it. Rain contains acid naturally as it collects carbon dioxide from the air and makes carbonic acid. Rain normally has a pH of about 5.5 – it is slightly acidic due to the carbon dioxide dissolved in it. It is a stronger acid if gases like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides escape into the air from the burning fossil fuels, because they are dissolved by the rain and produce sulphuric and nitric acids that does more damage in a faster time. Acid rain reacts with statues and buildings that contain calcium carbonate and form carbon dioxide and water. The dilute hydrochloric acid in this investigation will have the same effect on the limestone as the acid rain on the statues. Yet, the only difference is that in nature, the acid rain reacted with the statue as a whole body, which takes approximately hundred years to corrode the object, whereas the hydrochloric acid in this investigation will take only few seconds to react with the limestone powder. Planning Aim --- The aim of my experiment is to investigate if the speed at which the limestones are dissolved is changed by how concentrated the acid is. Equipment To do my experiment, I will need beakers, a paper spoon, a stop clock, limestone powders, stirring rod, measuring cylinders and an electronic balance for powders Plan For this experiment, I will use 30mls of the acid each time and 1gm of powdered calcium carbonate. The concentration of the acid will be changed by adding water and less acid each time. First, I will use a paper spoon to spoon out the limestone powder and weigh it on the electronic balance. Next, take out the excess powder until the weight is 1gm. Then use two measuring cylinders, with each measuring the amount of water and dilute hydrochloric acid that should be added, e.g. when there is 30mls of acid, 0mls of water will be added; when there is 25mls of acid, 5mls of water will be added, and so on. The total amount will always be 30mls. Afterwards, I will pour the powder into a beaker that contain correct amount of acid in it and use a stop clock to time how long it will take for the powder to disappear. A stirring rod will be used so that no lumps would form.

Our Identity Is Shaped by Our Relationships Essay

Good morning/afternoon everyone, my name is Jessica Holmes and I’m coming from the VCAA education department. I’m here today to talk to you about how, â€Å"our identity is shaped by our relationships†. When I say relationships, I don’t just mean boyfriend/girlfriend relationship, I’m also talking about family, friends and other relationships. I’m talking about identity since it’s your context writing theme for year 12. Our family is huge in determining who we are and what we are all about. They tell us from day one what is good about us and what we can or cannot do and we absorb it all as children letting it shape us. Our family in most cases dictate our political beliefs, our economic beliefs, our religion, and our social beliefs and frame our overall view of the world. Think of the beliefs you developed outside of the family and you won’t find many. Now the problem these days is that the family as we know is falling apart. There are too many single parent families; a young man does not have a role model for a male because the dad is not there. This is a problem as that young man now gets his idea of being a man from bad influences, such as local thugs or a character from a movie. Even with the families fragmenting these days, the role of the family in our lives is huge beyond anything we can ever understand. Your friends shape your identity just as much as your family, if not more. You learn different things from every person you meet. Your friends are someone who you are with most of the time, so you would pick up many things from them. You gather the traits from those around you and your mind will tell you which are good and bad. Mean Girls is a perfect example of how friends shape you. Cady changes herself to fit in with her new posh friends, her friends shaped her as a mean girl, but it wasn’t long till she found who her real friends were and what her identity was. Your identity is shaped by your real friends, who you hang out with the most. Our other relationships that shape our identity would be our teachers. They teach us what is good and bad and they educate us and help us. Our employers are another source that shapes our identity; they shape out who we are and what our profession is. Our society and neighbours also shape our identity. In the novel â€Å"Growing up Asian in Australia†, Tom Cho wrote a short story called â€Å"Learning English†. He had to learn English to mingle with this neighbours and the society he lived in. When he first arrived in Australia, he didn’t know English, so he found it difficult to communicate with everyone. He learned English for the society, so the society shaped him. I would like to finish up by saying; every relationship shapes your identity. You would not know about it, but if you think about it, all relationships play their own roles and shape your identity in their own way.

Fly in the ointment Essays

Fly in the ointment Essays Fly in the ointment Essay Fly in the ointment Essay The fly in the ointment 1 . Explore the condition of the Factory and of the father as the son arrives The condition of the father and the factory when the son arrives where regrettable, It was hardly for the son to recognize the factory, as there was nothing inside it. As seen in this lines: this had been the machine- room, before the machines where gone. Moreover through the factory are empty shells, the sign outside the entrance to the factory is freshly painted and the brass plaque outside the office is shining. The father was acting in a melancholic way, acting shyly nervous and very polite with his on. In Dalton he acts as If nothing has happened, as if everything was fine. As seen In the following lines things are fine, I feel they are fine, I know they are fine 2. Explore the particular relationship of tension between father and son The relationship between Harold and his father isnt the best, when they are together we can almost get the visual image of the tension that both generates as they talk to each other. This could be for many reasons. In my opinion it seems that Harold s father was absent as he spent thirty years of his life in the business and marred the legislation as he Is obsessed with money, Instead of being a family man. As seen In the following lines: It was his father last day at his factory, the last day of thirty years. This leads Harold to feel resentful of his father, but at the same time he tries to get closer, looking for a father figure, I must see him. : But later, when he arrives the atmosphere becomes uncomfortable and their behaviors with each other are quite formal, as to business man talking not as father and son. As we can see in this lines have a cup no thanks- said the son l Just had tea. They are very polite teen each other; this shows us that they are very distant. In Dalton we can notice that they dont know very well each other, while in this conversation Harold discover lots of things about his father. As shown in this lines The old man turned his head way. He actually wiped a tear from his eye. A glow of sympathy transported the younger man. He felt as though a sun had risen. The author use the image of the sun to show us that the father had never showed emotions to his son, and this revelation Illuminates the son and he feels that there is hope for their relation now that his father Is available. But later when he offers his father money, he completely changes, showing other side of him, with anger, and this take completely the hope of Harold again. As seen in these lines his warm voice going dead and rancorous and his nostrils fidgeting 3. Analyze what the son notices about the two faces of the father and what do you get to know about the nature of the father at the end of the story? Harold father shows throw the story that he is doubled faces, he shows one face at first and then other. Harold could notice this for the first time as he goes and visit his father to help him. As seen In this lines the son noticed for the first time that as all big- faced men his father had two faces and inner face and an outer face. The outer face like a soft warm and careless daub of innocent sealing-wax and inside it, as if thumbed there by a seal, was a much smaller one, babyish, shrewd, scared and hard. He changes personalities lots of times in the story, and his sons become aware of it, He looked decided and experienced like a man of forty, but now he softened to sixty greets his son shyly as if not having the courage to face his son. As this lines shows Hullo, old chap. This is very nice of you, Harold. Said the old man shyly, stepping back to let his son in, and lowering his pleased, blue eyes for a seconds modesty. The fathers two faces are evident when he acts as if nothing had happened and that his bankruptcy was nothing as compared with the other businesses that had gone bankrupt. As seen in the following lines: Worrying? You keep on using that word. Im not worrying. Things are fine, said the old man. Smiling aggressively. l feel theyre fine. I know theyre fine. we can notice that he is very arrogant and challenging. Then he starts regretting for the mistakes he have done all his life and sounds like a man ho has probably recognized his faults. Also he mentioned that he would like to live in a nice little cottage by the sea and enjoy his life. This shows humility. He starts saying that money wasnt everything in life, comparing himself with the children of Israel; this was very ironic and ridiculous. He put up a face without being mean and as radiant as a harvest moon. Although he tries to show that face, this face drops as soon as the son offers to try and raise money for him. Here comes to the surface the face of business men who cares about money, and wants money as quickly as Seibel, although he has to humiliate himself. The fathers sailing eyes came down and looked at his sons nervous, frowning face and slowly the dreaming look went from the fathers face. Slowly the harvest moon came down from its rosy voyage. The little face suddenly became dominant within the outer folds of skin like a fox looking out of a hole of clay. He leaned forward brusquely on the table and somehow a silver- topped pencil was in his hand prepar ing to note something briskly on a writing -pad. Raise it? Said the old man sharply. Why didnt you tell me before you could raise money? How can you raise it? Where? By When? . At the end of the story by saying this he clearly show that what he said at the begging were bullwhip, that he doesnt change at all, he would be always obsessed with money and business . It shows that although he tries to change, he couldnt that his obsession wins him, costing a lot, a relation with his son. 4. What does the fly represents at the moment in which it appear. The fly represents the dirty part of the relationship between father and son. It shows that although they are trying to cure all the injuries, there is always something that prevents it. In his case is the fly that while they are talking the father interrupts the whole conversation to kill the fly. As seen in the following lines forgive this interruption. I cant sit in a room with a fly in it. It is use as a symbolic way to show that there are many things that spoil the relationship. Also, I think as he tries to kill the fly he also is trying to kill all the mistakes he have done throw his life, but he didnt succeed. The fly also remark him that he is weak and old and this make Harold feel worried. As this lines show suddenly he looked tired and old, his body began to sag and a look of weaknesses came into his face

Social Media Content Creation With The Social Message Optimizer

Social Media Content Creation With The Social Message Optimizer Social media engagement. Every marketer wants more of it. So, other than  creating content that tends to perform well on social media how can you  write the best social media posts ever to boost  your engagement? It turns out, that- in addition to creative ideas- certain mechanics can predict  each of your social messages success. By social media mechanics, I mean seriously knowing: What message type (text, image, link, or video) gets the most engagement for every network? How many characters should your social media message be for every network? How many hashtags should you include in your message for every network? How many emojis should there be in your message for every network? What  emotional sentiment works best for every network? ^^^ If you knew the answers to those questions for every network and subsequently optimized every social media message you write for every network you would get more engagement for every network. So wouldnt it be nice if there were a free tool to help you do just that?  Ã°Å¸Ëœâ€° Introducing: The Social Message  Optimizer From Go ahead: Use the Social Message  Optimizer now! You don't need to read this blog post to write better social media messages. Just use the Social Message  Optimizer, follow the prompts, and shoot for a score of 80 or higher. Go on. You seriously don't need to read this blog post. You can come back and read this. But you really don't have to.  Ã°Å¸Ëœ ¬ 1,488 messages are optimized through  this puppy EVERY DAY. (That's 44,636 per month, for the mathematically inclined.) So  if you're not using it, you're already 1,500 messages behind.  Just sayin'... Just ask our friend Jay Baer, president of  Convince Convert, if he thinks it works: New tool from @- helps you write better #socialmedia messages. Check it out here: https://t.co/FZuZTSgty2 pic.twitter.com/VxXLYArtz1 - Jay Baer (@jaybaer) May 6, 2017 You're still reading, but you seriously  should just go use that tool instead. The tool is  way more fun. Trust me... Or trust Christin Kardos what she thinks (if you still think I'm a little sketchy). Fun, helpful #tool alert! Write Better Social Messages w/ #SocialMedia Message Optimizer From @https://t.co/5ZTiaX8GIU #smm pic.twitter.com/sj8vNxtnsi - Christin Kardos (@ChristinKardos) May 3, 2017 Alright. Read on then. I recently analyzed the most engaging  social media messages from a sample  of 6,399,322 messages posted  through 's database. For those who may be  unfamiliar, is the #1 best-selling social media + marketing management calendar in the world with 15,000+ customers in more than 100 countries. Coupled with 's custom, proprietary, and never-before-seen data, I've also  researched every study I could find around the web on the topic of writing social media posts (specifically about the mechanics): HubSpot's character count guide Buffer's  how many hashtags blog post Buffer's optimal length infographic Jeff Bullas' Facebook fan engagement tips Fast Company's ideal tweet and Facebook post length article TrackSocial's tweet length blog post Sprout Social's Instagram hashtags blog post Super Spicy Media's Instagram hashtags blog post Max Woolf's Instagram hashtags case study Copyblogger's art of writing great Google+ posts blog post Marvin Williams' Instagram tagging deck 's brand new research into the most engaging social media messages from a sample of  6,399,322 from a diverse range of industries (think real estate to software to fitness companies to department stores) At times, these studies  differed from  the nearly 6.4 million data-driven results  that fuel the  Social Message  Optimizer. Several  reference what appear to be the same data sets over and over, rarely adding new commentary to the conversation. So in this blog post, you are going  to learn... The message type that gets the most engagement for each social network. How long your message should be for every social network. How many hashtags to include in your message for each social network. How many emojis tend to get the most engagement on every social network. The emotional sentiment (positive or negative?) that performs best on every social network (spoiler alert: Think positive thoughts). ...and all of it is backed by  6,399,322 reasons to take this advice very seriously.  Ã°Å¸â„¢Å' Solid Content Solid Mechanics Solid content trumps solid mechanics. That said, this blog post is all about the mechanics. Read this to write better social media content. Once you master social media writing, then worry about the mechanics. I suggest thinking about this like skill acquisition: Start by brainstorming engaging  messages. Hone your  core skill behind writing well. Master writing for each social network with the Social Media Optimizer. Think of it like this: In addition to writing solid messages,  there are several other optimization layers  to hone in your skill set  that will impact your success: Social media visuals: Download the free Photoshop CC file in this post to design  perfectly sized images for each of the networks (and you'll get 84 free images, too). Best times to post: It makes sense to share when  your followers are most active on each network. Use the free Google Analytics Custom Reports to know when your audience is most active. How often to post: Are you sharing too little or too much?  Download this infographic to post the perfect amount for each network every day. ^^^ I'm sure you can think of a dozen more things that may impact your social media engagement. But for now, in this blog post, you are only going to learn about the message mechanics that fuel what Susan Gilbert calls the "#1 Social Message Optimizer."  Ã°Å¸Ëœ  Check out the "#1 Social Message Optimizer" by @: https://t.co/bY0sRUClIl #smm #marketing - Susan Gilbert (@SusanGilbert) May 2, 2017 Let's do this. How To Write For Facebook The  best Facebook message  is a link post that is 111 characters long, contains zero hashtags, has one emoji, and shares a  positive message. Use the following  information to optimize your own Facebook posts as you write them: Message Type Best: Link Good: Image OK: Text Character Count Best: 111 Good: 119 OK: 40 Hashtag Count Best: 0 Emoji Count Best: 1 Ok: 0 Writing for Facebook? Get the most engagement with links, 111 characters, 0 hashtags, 1 emoji,...How To Write For Twitter The best tweets are image posts that are 103 characters long, contain two hashtags, include one emoji, and are positive sentiment. Optimize your tweets with the mechanics best practices  to increase your engagement: Message Type Best: Image Good: Text OK: Link Character Count Best: 103 Good: 113 OK: 93 Hashtag Count Best: 2 Ok: 1 Emoji Count Best: 1 Ok: 0 The best tweets = image + 103 characters  + 2 hashtags  + 2 emojis  + positivity.How To Write For Instagram The best Instagram messages are image posts that are 241 characters long, contain 11 hashtags, have three emojis, and are positive sentiment. Boost your engagement by optimizing your Instagram messages according  to  the these mechanics best practices: Message Type Best: Image Good: Video Character Count Best: 241 Good: 200 OK: 224 Hashtag Count Best: 11 Good: 5 OK: 10 Emoji Count Best: 3 Good: 2 Ok: 1 Get the most engagement on Instagram with image, 241 characters, 11 hashtags, 3 emojis, positivity.How To Write For Pinterest The best Pins are image posts that are 215 characters long, contain zero hashtags, include zero emojis, and show positive sentiment. Optimize your Pins to get the most engagement by following these best practices for mechanics: Message Type Best: Image Good: Link Character Count Best: 215 Good: 148 OK: 141 Hashtag Count Best: 0 Emoji Count Best: 0 The best Pins have  an image, 215 characters, 0 hashtags, 0 emojis, positive sentiment.How To Write For LinkedIn The best LinkedIn messages are link posts that are 149 characters long, demonstrate positive sentiment, and contain no hashtags or emojis. Optimize your LinkedIn messages by following  these mechanics best practices: Message Type Best: Link Good: Text OK: Image Character Count Best: 149 Good: 125 OK: 95 Hashtag Count Best: 0 Emoji Count Best: 0 Get the most engagement on LinkedIn: Link, 149 characters, 0 hashtags, 0 emojis, positive sentiment.How To Write For Google+ The best Google+ messages are link posts that are 65 characters long, contain three hashtags, include one emoji, and show signs of positive sentiment. Optimize your Google+ message according to these best practices for mechanics to get the most engagement: Message Type Best: Link Good: Image OK: Text Character Count Best: 65 Good: 60 OK: 502 Hashtag Count Best: 3 Good: 2 OK: 1 Emoji Count Best: 1 Ok: 0 The best Google+ messages? Link, 65 characters, 3 hashtags, 1 emoji, positivity.The Breakdown: What To Do Now? The ideal message type and character count for each network are pretty obvious. However, you may want some help  finding emojis and hashtags  to optimize certain shares. Because when you bring the details  together right, you can be a high-scorer like tech keynote speaker Brian Fanzo: I got a 79 on the Social Media Optimizer via @! https://t.co/QRa7i7GFV7 - Brian Fanzo 😎 (@iSocialFanz) May 2, 2017 Nice work, Brian  Ã°Å¸â€˜Å  Now, let's explore. Where To Find Hashtags? Here are a few tools you can use to find trending or popular hashtags: What The Trend helps you explore the top hashtags from the past month. Twitonomy helps you see hashtags similar to the content you tend to  check out on Twitter. RiteTag  gives you feedback on hashtags as you type them. Hashtagify helps you find existing popular hashtags. If you'd like to learn  more about how to use hashtags effectively, read this ultimate hashtag guide. You'll also discover how to find hashtags on every network that supports them to get a better feel of how to write great messages for each network. Where To Find Emojis? There are a handful of ways to include emojis the messages you're creating with the Social Message  Optimizer: On your Mac, press Control, Command, and Space Bar at the same time. You'll see an emoji menu where you just need to hit an emoji and it'll populate where your cursor is. 😉 On Windows 8 or 10, hit the keyboard icon in the lower-right corner of your taskbar to activate the Touch Keyword. Then click the smiley face icon to change the keyboard to an emoji keyboard. Just like on Mac, when you hit an emoji, it will enter where your cursor is. Otherwise, simply bookmark GetEmoji, then copy and paste emoji art from the website into your social media message. Now You Know How To Optimize Your Social Media Messages We know you're going to fall in love with the Social Message Optimizer, like Rachel Thompson, did... LOVE LOVE LOVE: If You Love The Headline Analyzer, Just Wait Until You See This! Think #Social Media https://t.co/jw2eqckQ8r via @ - Rachel Thompson (@RachelintheOC) May 20, 2017 But just because you probably want all of this data at your fingertips the next time you're writing messages with the Social Message  Optimizer, here's a handy (downloadable + savable) infographic of everything you just learned: Remember, this blog post is all about the mechanics behind writing  engaging social media messages. Here is some recommended reading to write effective messages beyond the mechanics: This Is How To Write For Social Media To Create The Best Posts The 6 Types Of Social Media Content That Will Give You The Greatest Value How to Boost Engagement on Social Media with Visual Content How To Make The Best Social Media Images The Easy Way (+ 84 Free Images) How To Develop A Winning Social Media Content Strategy (Free Template) Good luck! Remember... the Social Message  Optimizer is FREE! Optimize your social media messages now. 😉 Join these fine marketers in writing the best social media messages the web has ever seen! If You Love The Headline Analyzer, Check Out the Social Message Optimizer https://t.co/A1Fvuw69Fi via @ - Mike Wilton (@mwilton13) May 2, 2017 How To Write For Social Media To Create The Best Posts @is the BEST content blog on the web HANDS DOWN ðŸ™Å' https://t.co/owTvBUVvm8 pic.twitter.com/LaIcvWXaaA - Whale of a Tale 🠐 ³Ã°Å¸ â€¹ (@thewritewhale) May 17, 2017 LOVE the Headline Optimizer. Have you SEEN the Social Message Optimizer! via @@njellering https://t.co/CvOierGFgS - Lisa Shomo (@keenkoncept) May 4, 2017 @OMG...social message optimizer https://t.co/SKXDqFlPSP. ⠝ ¤Ã¯ ¸  - The Rambler (@MRTrambler) May 11, 2017

Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Business Management - Essay Example In order to increase the volume for offerings in the business flooring, the company should consider exploration of possible efficient promotional activities. Market leadership after all is concerned about creating a need for certain product and service offerings (Kotler et al., 1999; Boone and Kurtz, 2006).Considering that the mentioned company in the case is placing higher mark up with its paint business, it is good to start the promotional activity in here in order to create more demands for both flooring and paint offerings. In this specific situation, the company should initiate a strategy such as when the customers purchased higher volume of flooring materials, the prices of paint should be lowered utilizing its higher mark up. This would ensure that the sales of paints would increase and thus its profit while increasing the disposed volume for flooring materials. This is just a matter of creating a need for product or service offerings, which is a form of market leadership. Another important factor is internal which primarily considers the human resource. Control of manpower is important because it ensures corporate success especially high value for customers at the bottom line (Moeller, 2010). As stated in the case, the management and installers usually have conflict when it comes to payment which ends up with customer delays and shoddy works. This is not going to be healthy for the said company in the long run, most especially in building customer relationship. This could not substantially provide them with effective output in providing high value for customers and in the long run this would further result to lower revenue and eventually a slow down of business. The issue in here is not just about financial control, but it substantially involves the right approach to be initiated with effective handling of human resource. The human resource needs to be substantially controlled because it affects how the

Supreme Court Decisions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Supreme Court Decisions - Research Paper Example As per the Fourth Amendment, a ‘reasonable search’ is one that is pursuant to a judicially sanctioned warrant and is supported by a probable cause (Dripps, 2007). That is as per the Fourth Amendment, if a search is not carried on, on the basis of a judicial warrant and its scope is not defined and delineated on the basis of the information furnished by an individual under oath and hence accountable to the court of law, it stands to be unreasonable. Thus, the Fourth Amendment’s definition of ‘search’ is very broad based that is open to varied interpretations in case of actual court cases and rulings. Olmstead v. United States, 277 U.S. 438 (1928) Before this judgment, the judicial institutions including the Supreme Court of the United States followed the spirit of the English Common Law, as per which, the permissibility of evidence in a court of law was in no way susceptible to the way in which that evidence was obtained (Bloom, 2003). In the judgment under consideration, the petitioner, Roy Olmstead appealed to the Supreme Court that the wiretapped private telephone communication presented as evidence against him by the law enforcement bodies were a direct violation of his Fourth Amendment Rights. The Supreme Court gave the ruling that the presented wiretapped telephonic conversation as evidence against the petitioner in no way violated the Fourth Amendment.